2010-06-10 00:42:00 来源: 中国广播网(北京)
核心提示：今年我国将开展第六次全国人口普查，首次明确计划外生育者可以落户，普查信息 将不作为处罚依据。此外，本次普查还首次将我国境内的境外人员作为普查对象。
中广网北京6月10日报道 据中国之声《央广新闻》12时46分报道，今年我国将开展第六次全国人口普查，首次明确将我国境内的境外人员也作为普查对象。人口普查是重大的国情国力调 查，涉及每一个人、每一个家庭以及社会的各个方面。在新形势下，如何确保普查数据真实完整？人口普查与我们每个人有着怎样的密切联系？马上连线中国社会科 学院人口与劳动经济研究所研究员张翼。
主持人：本次人口普查的难点和新遇到的问题是什么？如何确保普查数据真实、完整呢？
张翼：这次普查遇到的最大的一个问题是流动人口数量非常庞大。我国的人户分离的情况也变的越来越突出，城市由于拆迁所做的异地安置的现象也变得越来 越普遍，现在有30%的城市人口的人户是分离的，所以在普查过程当中要落实好这样一些问题。要对两亿多的流动人口的普查情况做到比较精准的普查，这些都是 非常困难的。
第二个比较困难的就是我们有将近600万的普查员要入户进行信息登记，这个登记工作对于入户访问员的要求也非常严格，如果有少数人存在职业的问题， 他对整个我们国家的人口的登记的情况是会有影响的。
第三个难点就是对中国转变为世界型城市过程中的国外的常住人口、就业人口的登记，比如广州有大量的非洲人还有东南亚的人；北京的韩国人、欧美人，这 些情况的登记对我们国家未来城市规划、城市服务业的安排也是非常重要，这一点都是非常重要的问题。
如果把这些问题做好，对于我们国家将来的人口政策的制定、计划生育政策的评估，以及对于十一五规划的完成情况，未来的人口状况的发展趋势的预测，还 有人口的就业、教育、以及十二五跟十三五的国民经济与社会发展规划的安排都可以提供必须准确的信息支持体系。
主持人：还有一个问题，一说到人口普查人们往往和上户口连接起来，认为没有户口的孩子这个时候就可以上户口了，实际情况是这样吗？
张翼：实际情况也是这样的，为了做好普查工作，使那些群众，尤其超生的，计划外生育的群众消除顾虑，公安部门专门发了一个文件，文件的名字叫第六次 人口普查户口整顿工作方案。这个方案里头公安部明确规定，对不符合计划生育政策的出生人口要及时的登记落户。有这个情况，各个地方就出台了具体的一些实施 细则，最早我们看到公安部方案户口整顿时间是5月份到9月30日之间。这段时间，广大群众对于户口没落实的情况赶快可以到当地的公安部门来落实户口，河北 省出台的一些具体的细则还没有出台，但是它最早发布了由公安部门通过媒体发布了这样一些信息。
这些信息总结了这些方面，第一个方面是对96年1月1日以后，因为政策外生育，非婚生育、早婚早育等原因造成的婴儿，如果没有上户口， 可以凭借出生一些证明办理常住户口登记，任何出生证明签发机构和人员不得以准生证、生育证作为附加条件拒绝为新生儿出具医生证明。河北省明确规定，任何地 方和单位都不得限制政策外生育的婴儿落户，也不得将户口登记的情况作为行政管理和处罚的依据。这是与我们国家的全国人口普查条例明确规定的，人口普查跟别 的行政的措施是两个不同的措施，在普查期间一方面被普查对象不得无故瞒报虚报人数。
第二个情况就是普查员也不得虚拟的或者虚假的填报问卷，普查的机构也不得把普查到的这些信息移交给别的国家行政机关作为使用的数据。这种情况就是说 普查的对象放心大胆的把自己家的信息如实上报，普查之前户口整顿阶段也可以依据当地行政部门出具的一些行政法规或者是登记条例到公安部门及时的为自己的孩 子落户。
(本文来源：中国广播网 )
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